Why is each octet 8 bits?

An IPv4 address is 32 bits total, split into four 8-bit octets, each ranging from 0-255.

IP to Binary Converter

Convert each octet of an IPv4 address into its 8-bit binary form.

Inputs

Results

Try an example

Formula

Each octet converted to 8-bit binary

Understanding IP Subnetting and Network Math

How subnet masks, CIDR notation, and usable host counts are calculated, with a real subnetting example.

IP Subnetting Explained With a Real /24 Example

How network address, broadcast address, and usable host count are calculated from an IP and CIDR prefix.

Subnet Calculator

Calculate network address, broadcast address, and host range from an IP and CIDR.

File Transfer Time Calculator

Calculate how long a file will take to download or upload at a given speed.

Wildcard Mask Calculator

Convert a CIDR prefix length to its wildcard mask, used in ACLs.

Hosts per Subnet Calculator

Calculate the number of usable hosts for a given CIDR prefix length.

Network Throughput Calculator

Calculate effective throughput accounting for protocol overhead.

Packet Loss Percentage Calculator

Calculate the percentage of network packets lost in transit.